See 古都 on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "koto",
"ruby": [
[
"古",
"こ"
],
[
"都",
"と"
]
],
"word": "古都"
},
{
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "godo",
"word": "고도(古都)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "古都",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
15,
20
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
6
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
19,
35
]
],
"english": "China's four great ancient capitals",
"roman": "zhōngguó sì dà gǔdōu",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"text": "中國四大古都",
"translation": "China's four great ancient capitals",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
15,
20
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
6
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[
19,
35
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],
"english": "China's four great ancient capitals",
"roman": "zhōngguó sì dà gǔdōu",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"text": "中国四大古都",
"translation": "China's four great ancient capitals",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ancient capital; old capital"
],
"id": "en-古都-zh-noun-3fRjXBWb",
"links": [
[
"ancient",
"ancient"
],
[
"capital",
"capital"
],
[
"old",
"old"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gǔdū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄍㄨˇ ㄉㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "gu² dou¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "kó͘-to͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gǔdū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄍㄨˇ ㄉㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gǔdu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "ku³-tu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "gǔ-dū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "guudu"
},
{
"roman": "gudu",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "гуду"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "gu² dou¹"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "gú dōu"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gu² dou¹"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "gu² dou¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː³⁵ tou̯⁵⁵/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "kó͘-to͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "kóo-too"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "kofdof"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ³³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɔ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Kaohsiung"
]
}
],
"word": "古都"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "shinto",
"ruby": [
[
"新",
"しん"
],
[
"都",
"と"
]
],
"word": "新都"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "古都",
"ruby": [
[
"古都",
"こと"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "koto",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "古都",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"kanji",
"kyūjitai"
]
},
{
"form": "故都",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"kanji"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こと"
},
"expansion": "古都(こと) • (koto)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms read with kan'on",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with Atamadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ancient capital; old capital"
],
"id": "en-古都-ja-noun-3fRjXBWb",
"links": [
[
"ancient",
"ancient"
],
[
"capital",
"capital"
],
[
"old",
"old"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "kyūto",
"ruby": [
[
"旧",
"きゅう"
],
[
"都",
"と"
]
],
"word": "旧都"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko̞to̞]"
},
{
"other": "こと"
}
],
"word": "古都"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "godo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "고도",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "고도"
},
"expansion": "古都 • (godo) (hangeul 고도)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
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},
{
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"parents": [],
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},
{
"kind": "other",
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"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "old capital",
"word": "고도"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 고도 (“old capital”)"
],
"id": "en-古都-ko-noun-ODraQSep",
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"고도",
"고도#Korean"
],
[
"old",
"old"
],
[
"capital",
"capital"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "古都"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "koto",
"ruby": [
[
"古",
"こ"
],
[
"都",
"と"
]
],
"word": "古都"
},
{
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "godo",
"word": "고도(古都)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "古都",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese nouns",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 古",
"Chinese terms spelled with 都",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Hokkien lemmas",
"Hokkien nouns",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin nouns",
"Mandarin terms with usage examples",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
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15,
20
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
6
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
19,
35
]
],
"english": "China's four great ancient capitals",
"roman": "zhōngguó sì dà gǔdōu",
"tags": [
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"text": "中國四大古都",
"translation": "China's four great ancient capitals",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
15,
20
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
4,
6
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
19,
35
]
],
"english": "China's four great ancient capitals",
"roman": "zhōngguó sì dà gǔdōu",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"text": "中国四大古都",
"translation": "China's four great ancient capitals",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ancient capital; old capital"
],
"links": [
[
"ancient",
"ancient"
],
[
"capital",
"capital"
],
[
"old",
"old"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gǔdū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄍㄨˇ ㄉㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "gu² dou¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "kó͘-to͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gǔdū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄍㄨˇ ㄉㄨ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gǔdu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "ku³-tu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "gǔ-dū"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "guudu"
},
{
"roman": "gudu",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "гуду"
},
{
"ipa": "/ku²¹⁴⁻²¹ tu⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "gu² dou¹"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "gú dōu"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "gu² dou¹"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "gu² dou¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kuː³⁵ tou̯⁵⁵/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "kó͘-to͘"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "kóo-too"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "kofdof"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ tɔ³³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ tɔ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ tɔ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Kaohsiung"
]
}
],
"word": "古都"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "shinto",
"ruby": [
[
"新",
"しん"
],
[
"都",
"と"
]
],
"word": "新都"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "古都",
"ruby": [
[
"古都",
"こと"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "koto",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "古都",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"kanji",
"kyūjitai"
]
},
{
"form": "故都",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"kanji"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "こと"
},
"expansion": "古都(こと) • (koto)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms read with kan'on",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 古",
"Japanese terms spelled with 都",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with Atamadaka pitch accent (Tōkyō)",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation with pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"ancient capital; old capital"
],
"links": [
[
"ancient",
"ancient"
],
[
"capital",
"capital"
],
[
"old",
"old"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ko̞to̞]"
},
{
"other": "こと"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "kyūto",
"ruby": [
[
"旧",
"きゅう"
],
[
"都",
"と"
]
],
"word": "旧都"
}
],
"word": "古都"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "godo",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "고도",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "고도"
},
"expansion": "古都 • (godo) (hangeul 고도)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean hanja forms",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean nouns",
"Korean nouns in Han script",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "old capital",
"word": "고도"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 고도 (“old capital”)"
],
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"고도",
"고도#Korean"
],
[
"old",
"old"
],
[
"capital",
"capital"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "古都"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 古都 meaning in All languages combined (6.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-08-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-08-05 using wiktextract (872fc7b and 4deed51). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.